Called up for military service in 1939, he was captured by U.S. forces near the end of World War II. Find the library's daily hours, holiday hours, and information on 24/7 badge access. [39], Until the 1980s, Strauss was regarded by some post-modern musicologists as a conservative, backward-looking composer, but re-examination of and new research on the composer has re-evaluated his place as that of a modernist,[40] albeit one who still utilized and sometimes revered tonality and lush orchestration. De Ahna was then a voice student at the Munich Musikschule (now the University of Music and Performing Arts Munich), but soon switched to private lessons with Strauss who became her principal teacher. Thanks to his influence, his daughter-in-law was placed under protected house arrest during the war, but despite extensive efforts he was unable to save dozens of his in-laws from being killed in Nazi concentration camps. The opera assignments he was given, works by Boieldieu, Auber and Donizetti, bored him, and to make matters worse Hermann Levi, the senior conductor at the house, was often ill and Strauss was required to step in at the last minute to conduct performance for operas which he had never rehearsed. This December, Nigerian Breweries through its brands is set to bring all the fun and excitement at Wonderland Lagos. Enjoy one-stop shopping convenience, that's no-hassle and risk free. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. "[56], In 1934 Strauss told his friend and librettist Stefan Zweig: "What suit me best, South German bourgeois that I am, are sentimental jobs; but such bullseyes as the Arabella duet and the Rosenkavalier trio don't happen every day. This was followed by several critically acclaimed operas with librettist Hugo von Hofmannsthal: Elektra, Der Rosenkavalier, Ariadne auf Naxos, Die Frau ohne Schatten, Die gyptische Helena, and Arabella. Compositions such as The Blue Danube helped establish Strauss as "the Waltz King" and earned him a place in music history. Strausss most famous single composition is An der schnen blauen Donau (1867; The Blue Danube), the main theme of which became one of the best-known tunes in 19th-century music. There they met the Swiss music critic Willy Schuh, who became Strauss's biographer. This resulted in operas such as Der Rosenkavalier (1911) having great public success. Among his numerous other operettas are Der Karneval in Rom (1873; The Roman Carnival) and Eine Nacht in Venedig (1883; A Night in Venice). [38] As with the later Elektra, Salome features an extremely taxing lead soprano role. He was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, to an artistic family of . Strauss was the author of The Grand Design: A European Solution to German Reunification (Eng. His first opera to achieve international fame was Salome which used a libretto by Hedwig Lachmann that was a German translation of the French play Salom by Oscar Wilde. [1], In December 1948, Strauss was hospitalized for several weeks after undergoing bladder surgery. At the latter festival his cantata Taillefer was given its world premiere. "use strict";(function(){var insertion=document.getElementById("citation-access-date");var date=new Date().toLocaleDateString(undefined,{month:"long",day:"numeric",year:"numeric"});insertion.parentElement.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(date),insertion)})(); Subscribe to the Biography newsletter to receive stories about the people who shaped our world and the stories that shaped their lives. Classical Net - Biography of J. Strauss Jr. AllMusic - Biography of Johann Strauss II, Johann Strauss the Younger - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). [1] Along with Gustav Mahler, he represents the late flowering of German Romanticism, in which pioneering subtleties of orchestration are combined with an advanced harmonic style. Richard Georg Strauss (German: [at tas]; 11 June 1864 - 8 September 1949) was a German composer, conductor, pianist, and violinist.Considered a leading composer of the late Romantic and early modern eras, he has been described as a successor of Richard Wagner and Franz Liszt. Short of money, in 1947 Strauss embarked on his last international tour, a three-week trip to London, in which he conducted several of his tone poems and excerpts of his operas, and was present during a complete staging of Elektra by the BBC. 166169 in Paul Cadrin and Stephen Downes (editors), Deutsches Nationaltheater und Staatskapelle Weimar, University of Music and Performing Arts Munich, Charles Alexander, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, Manifesto of German artists and intellectuals, Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art, University of Music and Performing Arts, Vienna, "Richard Strauss facts, information, pictures", "Music; Richard Strauss and Hitler's Reich: Jupiter in Hell", "Richard Strauss: profound genius or gifted entertainer? His operettas include Indigo und die vierzig Ruber (1871; his first) and Die Fledermaus (1874), which would become his most famous. However, Strauss was unable to protect his Jewish relatives completely; in early 1944, while Strauss was away, Alice and her son Franz were abducted by the Gestapo and imprisoned for two nights. [1] He became president of the Allgemeiner Deutscher Musikverein in 1901, and that same year became leader of the Berliner Tonknstlerverein. [1] During this time he continued to work internationally as a celebrity conductor, and from 1919 to 1924 he was principal conductor of the Vienna State Opera. He used all of these posts to champion contemporary German composers like Mahler. "In Search of Strauss" in. 2 "Happy Workshop" (1946)both scored for double wind quintet plus two additional horns, a third clarinet in C, bassett horn, bass clarinet, and contrabassoon. While working in Munich for the next four years he had his largest creative period of tone poem composition, producing Till Eulenspiegel's Merry Pranks (1895), Also sprach Zarathustra (1896), Don Quixote (1897), and Ein Heldenleben (1898). All of this together gave a new aesthetic anchor to Strauss which first became evident in his embrace of the tone poem genre. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Strauss's next opera was Elektra (1909), which took his use of dissonance even further, in particular with the Elektra chord. These pieces include early compositions for piano solo in a conservative harmonic style, many of which are lost: two piano trios (1877 and 1878), a string quartet (1881), a piano sonata (1882), a cello sonata (1883), a piano quartet (1885), a violin sonata (1888), as well as a serenade (1882) and a longer suite (1884), both scored for double wind quintet plus two additional horns and contrabassoon. The 1860s saw Strauss hit a few touchstone moments, as he married singer Henriette Treffz in 1862 and toured in Russia and England, extending his reputation. 13 (188384), Wandrers Sturmlied (1884) and Burleske (188586). The last one, "Im Abendrot" (At Sunset), ends with the line "Is this perhaps death?" Enjoy one-stop shopping convenience, thats no-hassle and risk free. Strausss power in Bavaria was increased when he was elected premier of that Land (state) in November 1978, and in 1979 the opposition parties of the CSU and the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) nominated Strauss as their candidate for chancellor of West Germany in 1980. Strauss was also the composer of the music on the first CD to be commercially released: Deutsche Grammophon's 1983 release of their 1980 recording of Herbert von Karajan conducting the Alpine Symphony. The slow movement is almost as fast as the following vivace; and the last movement, with a big cut in it, is finished in 4 minutes, 25 seconds. Johann Baptist Strauss I ( Viena, 14 de marzo de 1804 - ibdem, 25 de septiembre de 1849) hijo de Franz Borgias Strauss. The most famous include two concertos for horn, which are still part of the standard repertoire of most horn soloistsHorn Concerto No. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. The opera was received with mixed reviews in Weimar, but its later production in Munich was met with scorn and was Strauss's first major failure. After 1890, Strauss composed very infrequently for chamber groups, his energies being almost completely absorbed with large-scale orchestral works and operas. Strauss learned the art of conducting by observing Blow in rehearsal. Because his father wished him to follow a nonmusical profession, he started his career as a bank clerk. Johann Strauss, often referred to as Johann Strauss II or "the Younger," was born on October 25, 1825, in Vienna, Austria. Of his nearly 500 dance pieces, more than 150 were waltzes. Some find more feeling in these performances than in Strauss's earlier recordings, which were recorded on the Magnetophon tape recording equipment. Do you suppose Mozart was consciously 'Aryan' when he composed? Some of Strauss's first compositions were solo instrumental and chamber works. His opera Friedenstag, which premiered just before the outbreak of World War II, was a thinly veiled criticism of the Nazi Party that attempted to persuade Germans to abandon violence for peace. Get the latest news from the Strauss Health Sciences Library. It's a win-win-win any way you slice it. [1], The metaphor "Indian summer" has been used by journalists, biographers, and music critics, notably[24] Norman Del Mar in 1964[25] to describe Strauss's late creative upsurge from 1942 to the end of his life. 2 (1942); the Romanze for cello and orchestra (1883); a Violin Concerto in D minor (1882); the Burleske for piano and orchestra (1885, revised 1889); the tone poem Don Quixote for cello, viola and orchestra (1897); the well-known late Oboe Concerto in D major (1945); and the Duett-Concertino for clarinet and bassoon with string orchestra, which was one of his last works (1948). Strauss the Elder wanted his son to follow a different career path than he himself had followed, so Strauss II became a bank clerk while secretly studying the violin with a member of his father's company. His many other melodious and successful waltzes include Morgenbltter (1864; Morning Papers), Knstlerleben (1867; Artists Life), Geschichten aus dem Wienerwald (1868; Tales from the Vienna Woods), Wein, Weib und Gesang (1869; Wine, Women and Song), Wiener Blut (1871; Vienna Blood), and Kaiserwaltzer (1888). When it comes to flavor, the grass is definitely greener on the Strauss side. Corrections? These operas included Elektra (1909), Der Rosenkavalier (1911), Ariadne auf Naxos (1912, rev. The film music of John Williams has continued the Strauss influence, in scores for mainstream hits such as Superman and Star Wars. He was chiefly admired for his interpretations of the works of Liszt, Mozart, and Wagner in addition to his own works. The Strauss family was frequently joined in their home for music making, meals, and other activities by the orphaned composer and music theorist Ludwig Thuille who was viewed as an adopted member of the family. Engelbert Strauss. Strauss became a viola player in the dance orchestra of Michael Pamer, a composer of light music. Kaiser Wilhelm served as emperor of Germany from 1888 until the end of World War I. Frederick II, known as Frederick the Great, was Prussia's king from 1740 to 1786. The Canadian pianist Glenn Gould described Strauss in 1962 as "the greatest musical figure who has lived in this century".[32]. Meanwhile, far from being an admirer of Strauss's work, Joseph Goebbels maintained expedient cordiality with Strauss only for a period. Charles II was the monarch of England, Scotland and Ireland during much of the latter half of the 17th century, marking the Restoration era. Johann Strauss's father was also a famous composer, but the younger Strauss eclipsed his father's fame. He reportedly composed these with Kirsten Flagstad in mind and she gave the first performance, which was recorded. As defense minister until 1962, Strauss oversaw West Germanys rearmament and played a major role in building up the Bundeswehr (armed forces). He drove to the Theresienstadt concentration camp in order to argue, albeit unsuccessfully, for the release of Alice's grandmother, Paula Neumann. His father undoubtedly had a crucial influence on his son's developing taste, not least in Strauss's abiding love for the horn. [1], At the outbreak of World War I Strauss was invited to sign the Manifesto of German artists and intellectuals supporting the German role in the conflict. In 1933, Strauss wrote in his private notebook: I consider the StreicherGoebbels Jew-baiting as a disgrace to German honour, as evidence of incompetencethe basest weapon of untalented, lazy mediocrity against a higher intelligence and greater talent.[10]. Click Here. [1], In 1904 Strauss embarked on his first North American tour, with stops in Boston, Chicago, Cleveland, Cincinnati, New York City, and Pittsburgh. Strauss Exercise Resistance Band Set for Stretching -Portable Toning Tubes with Door Anchor - 100% Natural Latex Fitness Resistance Tube - Resistance Bands for Workout for Men & Women, (Multicolor) Latex Resistance Tube Upto 35 Kg. His tone poem Don Juan premiered in Weimar on 11 November 1889 to tremendous critical response, and the work quickly brought him international fame and success. 7, as well as noting that Strauss played a breakneck version of Beethoven's 9th Symphony in about 45 minutes. Productions of the opera ceased shortly after the outbreak of war in 1939. For the next three years the two men would meet regularly, often joined by Thuille and Anton Seidl, in order to discuss music, particularly Wagner and Liszt, and discuss poetry, literature, and philosophy. [58], German composer and conductor (18641949), Success in conducting and tone poems (18851898), Shirley, Hugo (2012). In 18941895, around the age of 30, he published several well-known songs including "Ruhe, meine Seele! Gutmann wrote: It is true, as the critics suggest, that the readings forego overt emotion, but what emerges instead is a solid sense of structure, letting the music speak convincingly for itself. Indeed, in the Strauss household, the music of Richard Wagner was viewed with deep suspicion, and it was not until the age of 16 that Strauss was able to obtain a score of Tristan und Isolde. 2023 Biography and the Biography logo are registered trademarks of A&E Television Networks, LLC. Write a few nice songs instead." LinkedIn is the world's largest business network, helping professionals like Barry Strauss discover inside connections to recommended job . Now elderly and with very few resources remaining, Strauss and his wife left Germany for Switzerland in October 1945 where they settled in a hotel just outside Zrich. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. He then returned to the Bavarian State Opera, this time as principal conductor, from 1894 to 1898, after which he was principal conductor of the Berlin State Opera from 1898 to 1913. Koch Legacy has also released Strauss's recordings of overtures by Gluck, Carl Maria von Weber, Peter Cornelius, and Wagner. The events of World War II seemed to bring the composer who had grown old, tired, and a little jaded into focus. [28] The conductor later described how, during the singing of the famous trio from Rosenkavalier, "each singer broke down in tears and dropped out of the ensemble, but they recovered themselves and we all ended together". Strauss studied at the University of Munich and was an active member of a Roman Catholic youth organization that clashed with the Nazi Party of Adolf Hitler. In 1918, after a long hiatus devoted to opera, he wrote Sechs Lieder, Op. After being reelected in September 1953, he was appointed minister without portfolio by Chancellor Konrad Adenauer. The same year he entered Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, where he studied philosophy and art history, but not music. After von Asow's death Franz Trenner [] (d. 1993) and Alfons Ott (d. 1976) published the . ", "Ccilie", "Morgen! His father, Johann Strauss the Elder, was a self-taught musician who established a musical dynasty in Vienna, writing waltzes, galops, polkas and quadrilles and publishing more than 250 works. His first tone poem to achieve wide acclaim was Don Juan, and this was followed by other lauded works of this kind, including Death and Transfiguration, Till Eulenspiegel's Merry Pranks, Also sprach Zarathustra, Don Quixote, Ein Heldenleben, Symphonia Domestica, and An Alpine Symphony. At Straus Family Creamery we champion climate-positive organic dairy farming, sustainable practices, and environmental leadership to build a more resilient farming and food system. His Horn Concerto No. Nevertheless, because of Strauss's international eminence, in November 1933 he was appointed to the post of president of the newly founded Reichsmusikkammer, the Reich Music Chamber. [16], This letter to Zweig was intercepted by the Gestapo and sent to Hitler. Strauss went on to write a series of increasingly ambitious tone poems: Death and Transfiguration (1889), Till Eulenspiegel's Merry Pranks (1895), Also sprach Zarathustra (1896), Don Quixote (1897), Ein Heldenleben (1898), Symphonia Domestica (1903) and An Alpine Symphony (19111915). Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Initially dismissive of the idea, Strauss completed this late work, his Oboe Concerto, before the end of the year. The 1936 Berlin Summer Olympics nevertheless used Strauss's Olympische Hymne, which he had composed in 1934. Classic American style and effortless cool. F-99C, Radhey Mohan Drive, Bandh Road, Chattarpur, New Delhi -110030. [37] Strauss reputedly financed his house in Garmisch-Partenkirchen completely from the revenues generated by the opera. These positions have led some to criticize Strauss for his seeming collaboration with the Nazis. Strauss, who had lived through numerous political regimes and had no interest in politics, decided to accept the position but to remain apolitical, a decision which would eventually become untenable. offer you the best products imaginable. Johann Strauss, often referred to as Johann Strauss II, was born in 1825 in Austria. From 1919 to 1924 he was principal conductor of the Vienna State Opera, and in 1920 he co-founded the Salzburg Festival. In 1948, a year before his death, he was cleared of any wrongdoing by a denazification tribunal in Munich. A magnificent baroque-era composer, Johann Sebastian Bach is revered through the ages for his work's musical complexities and stylistic innovations. To contact our international sales team, call+49 60 50 - 9710 - 89 07 5. Both of his grandsons were bullied at school, but Strauss used his considerable influence to prevent the boys or their mother being sent to concentration camps. A few months later Franz' wife Alice was visiting, and just before she left, Strauss put some scores on the table and told her off-the-cuff: "Here are the songs your husband ordered". Fue el primero de una dinasta musical de la que formaron parte sus hijos Johann Strauss II, Josef . However, Strauss's style began to truly develop and change when, in 1885, he met Alexander Ritter, a noted composer and violinist, and the husband of one of Richard Wagner's nieces. Line `` is this perhaps death? but not music 07 5 Strauss side horn, was. 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